Asthma

Asthma is a chronic respiratory condition characterised by inflammation and narrowing of the airways. Symptoms can range from mild to severe and may be triggered by allergens, exercise, cold air or respiratory infections.

This information is provided for general educational purposes and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. Always seek the advice of a qualified healthcare professional regarding your specific health condition.

• Shortness of breath
• Wheezing
• Chest tightness
• Coughing (especially at night)

Triggers include: allergens (pollen, dust, pet dander), respiratory infections, exercise, cold air, air pollutants, tobacco smoke.

Spirometry (breathing tests) measure lung function. Allergy tests may identify triggers. Diagnosis is based on symptoms and lung function tests.

Treatment involves reliever inhalers (bronchodilators) for acute symptoms and preventer inhalers (corticosteroids) for long-term control. Treatment is individualised by a doctor.

Identify and avoid triggers, use prescribed medications consistently, monitor symptoms, and have regular reviews with a healthcare provider.

Seek emergency care for severe breathlessness, inability to speak, blue lips or fingernails, or when reliever medication is not working.