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Overview
Diabetes mellitus refers to a group of diseases that affect how the body uses blood sugar (glucose). Type 2 diabetes is the most common form, often associated with lifestyle factors.
This information is provided for general educational purposes and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. Always seek the advice of a qualified healthcare professional regarding your specific health condition.
Common Symptoms
- Frequent urination
- Increased thirst
- Unexplained weight loss
- Fatigue
- Blurred vision
- Slow-healing wounds
Causes & Risk Factors
Type 2 diabetes occurs when the body develops insulin resistance. Risk factors include obesity, physical inactivity, family history, and age.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis involves blood tests: fasting blood glucose, HbA1c (glycated haemoglobin), or oral glucose tolerance test.
Treatment
Management includes lifestyle modifications, oral medications, and in some cases insulin therapy. Treatment is individualised.
Prevention
Maintain a healthy weight, eat a balanced diet, exercise regularly, avoid smoking, and have regular health check-ups.
When to Seek Medical Help
Seek immediate help for symptoms of diabetic ketoacidosis: extreme thirst, frequent urination, fruity breath, nausea, or confusion.